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Computing Distances and Adjacency
Knowing how far apart two things are can be very important. We will examine distances as they relate to a shopping mall, but other types of locations are equally valid. This is all based on our Geometrical Algorithm.
Computing Distances
The CADViewer back-end converter AutoXChange used to create the spatial relationships that are used with LLM queries and RAG information retrieval, has two distinct distance calculations: straight-line and walking.
Straight-line
Straight-line distance, sometimes known as “as the crow flies”, is the distance from one point to another, regardless of what is in the way. While that may be ideal for traveling from one town to another, within a building or complex of buildings, the straight-line distance is not entirely accurate. Most people, when going from Store A to Store B, do not want to go through walls, cut across streets in the middle of the block, or jump from balcony to balcony. So, while straight-line distance is better than nothing, it does not provide an accurate portrayal of the distance between two points in such a scenario.
Walking Distance
Walking distance is the distance it would take to walk in a usual manner from one point to another. It may navigate around corners, cross intersections, and utilize doors to exit rooms. In other words, it will measure the distance a typical person would need to travel from Point A to Point B. Usually, there will be multiple paths that could be followed, and CADViewer AutoXChange will compute the shortest distance from those alternatives.
Straight-Line Distance
Walking Distance
Adjacency
Adjacency measures whether two areas (rooms, stores, etc.) are “right next” to one another. In practice, one building could be drawn with thickness to inner walls, while a second drawing might represent such walls with no thickness. Even in the same drawing spaces that are next to one another, there might actually be a minimal distance between them. This is why CADViewer AutoXChange allows a tolerance to be defined and treats any spaces that are separated by that tolerance or less as “Adjacent”.
In the above image, you can see that M2519 is separated from M2518 by 150 mm, but M2518 and M2517 are 0 mm apart. If the tolerance is 100mm, then M2518 is adjacent to M2517, but not to M2519. If the tolerance is 200 mm, then it would be considered adjacent to both spaces.
How is this calculated? Essentially, we draw a line from a point within Space #1 to a point within Space #2. We typically use the anchor point of the Room IDs as the endpoints of the line, but this can be changed. The points where that line crosses the Room Boundary of each space are calculated, and if the distance between those points of intersection is less than the tolerance described above, then the spaces are adjacent.
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